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What is genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM)?

Medically reviewed by Dr. Nathan Roth, MDCM, FRCSC, FACOG · Updated 2026-11-01

What is genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM)?

GSM is the preferred term for genital, sexual, and urinary symptoms caused by low estrogen after menopause — including dryness, burning, dyspareunia, urgency, and recurrent UTIs. Unlike hot flashes, GSM often progresses without treatment. Low-dose vaginal estrogen is highly effective for many women. HormoneFit treats GSM as chronic tissue disease, not an awkward afterthought.

  • GSM ≠ only “dryness”
  • Does not reliably resolve on its own
  • Local therapy differs from systemic HRT
  • Breast cancer survivors need tailored plans

Why early treatment matters

Pain leads to avoidance, pelvic floor guarding, and relationship strain. Earlier moisturizers/estrogen prevent a harder secondary pain problem.

Related HormoneFit resources

References & guidelines

  1. The Menopause Society — Hormone Therapy Position Statement 2022
  2. Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada (SOGC)

This page is educational and does not replace personalized medical advice. HormoneFit physicians assess each patient individually. Women in Ontario can book a virtual consultation.

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